Like, where are you from from?
No, where are you originally from?
I mean, where were your parents born?
Look, I guess what I’m trying to say is...
What kind of Asian are you?
In the mid-1800s, thousands of Chinese came to California to either work in the gold fields or later to build the railroad. By 1870, there were roughly 63,000 Chinese in the United States. Popular sentiment in the U.S. quickly turned against Chinese immigrants.
In People v. Hall, George Hall was convicted of the murder of Ling Sing based on the testimony of three Chinese witnesses; Hall’s lawyer argued that a California statute barring testimony by African Americans, mulattoes, and Indians applied to all non-whites.
Wikipedia
In an attempt to place Chinese children into public schools segregated from white Americans, “The Chinese School” was founded and presented itself for “Chinese only.” Chinese children were not allowed to any other school in San Francisco.
Wikipedia
Yick Wo v. Hopkins was the first case where the United States Supreme Court ruled that a law that is race-neutral on its face, but is administered in a prejudicial manner, is an infringement of the Equal Protection Clause in the Fourteenth Amendment to the U.S. Constitution.
Wikipedia
The first identifiable Chinatown in Los Angeles, California, was situated on Calle de Los Negros – Street of the Dark Hued Ones.
PBS
In spite of their indispensable role in the development of the American West, the Chinese suffered severe exploitation. They were discriminated against in terms of pay and forced to work under abysmal conditions. White workers viewed them as economic competitors and racial inferiors, thereby stimulating the passage of discriminatory laws and the commission of widespread acts of violence against the Chinese.
The Chinese Massacre of 1871 was the largest mass lynching in American history.
Wikipedia
This Harper’s Weekly cartoon by Thomas Nast defends Chinese immigrants against the fierce prejudice and discrimination which they faced in late-nineteenth-century America.
Harper’s Weekly
Chinese workers were prevented from immigrating to America by the Chinese Exclusion Act of 1882. Its passage was a watershed event in American history. Besides identifying for the first time a specific group of people by name as undesirable for immigration to the United States, the act also marked a fateful departure from the traditional American policy of unrestricted immigration.
The California Alien Land Law prohibited “aliens ineligible for citizenship” (i.e., all Asian immigrants) from owning land or property, but permitted three year leases.
Wikipedia
1913 California Land Law was amended and made more restrictive. The amendments were aimed at Japanese and Chinese immigrants in California, and prohibited Asian farmers from owning, buying, and leasing land.
Wikipedia
Pearl Harbor bombed in December 1941. Rumors spread, fueled by racial prejudice of a plot among Japanese-Americans to sabotage the war effort. The Roosevelt administration pressured to remove any persons of Japanese ancestry from the West Coast.
PBS
Ten weeks after the Japanese bombed Pearl Harbor, President Franklin D. Roosevelt signed Executive Order 9066, which relocated more than 110,000 Japanese Americans to remote internment camps in harsh conditions in scattered locations around the country.
Korematsu v. United States was a case that found the internment of Japanese Americans during World War II, regardless of citizenship, to be constitutional.
Wikipedia
The term “model minority” was coined in 1966 by sociologist William Petersen in an article he wrote for The New York Times Magazine entitled “Success story: Japanese American style.”
Wikipedia
Vincent Chin was a Chinese American man who was beaten to death in Detroit, allegedly after receiving racially charged comments regarding layoffs in Detroit’s auto industry.
Wikipedia
Yellow Peril villains use their mystical powers and inevitable martial arts expertise for criminal ends. Wikipedia
As seen here: Anti-Asianism in Netflix’s Otherwise Brilliant Daredevil
Identifying Asian men as undesirable, unsexy, foreign, and devoid of sensuality. The Asian American Man Study (Medium)
As seen here: The quintessential Asian stereotype American Idol (2003) contestant, William Hung
Mishmosh of vague Asian culture where Asians are relegated to the role of spiritual advisors, guides, and sacrifices for a white protagonist.
As seen here: ‘Doctor Strange’ and the tiresome, stereotypical journey east to discover magical Asian awesomeness
Generalizes that a minority group whose hard work and success offer proof that American meritocracy works as intended. Wikipedia
As seen here: Chris Rock makes a joke about Asian American accountants at the Oscars
In which a white protagonist rescues people of color from their plight. Wikipedia
As seen here: Matt Damon Whitewashes Chinese History in ‘The Great Wall’
Refers to using elements of a culture by a member of another culture without permission.Wikipedia
As seen here: Katy Perry opened the 2013 American Music Awards with a rendition of “Unconditionally” that was confusingly “geisha-inspired”
Casting white actors to play characters of Asian origin (as well as other people of color). Wikipedia
As seen here: Scarlett Johansson cast as Major Motoko Kusanagi in Ghost in the Shell (2017)
Seeing Asian women as exoticized and eroticized objects in the Western imagination
As seen here: Brenda Song’s Crazed Hypersexualized Asian Female Stereotype in the Social Network
If East Asian actors aren’t playing villains, then they’re often serving as sidekicks to heroic protagonists.
As seen here: Karen Fukuhara played the almost entirely wordless accomplice in the DC Comics Film Suicide Squad.
“Why would you complain?
You people are doing so well.”
“The term ‘Asian American’ is preferable to ‘Oriental’, which connotes rugs, spices, and other objects of western colonialism in Asia rather than people. The ‘Orient,’ after all, is a concept generated by the colonial experience. In contrast, the continent of Asia is an actual geographic location from which many people in the United States trace their origins.”
— Peter N. Kiang, Asia Society
“We are placed in the awkward position of buffer or intermediary, elevated as the preferred racial minority at the expense of denigrating African Americans.”
— Frank Wu, author of “Yellow”
“[Assumption of minority myth] conceals a reality that’s seldom acknowledged. To render a population invisible is really a problem. You really strip them of a voice in terms of broader conversations in our nation.”
— Eunsook Lee, Director of the AAPICEF
“We have rich histories of political and social activism and have shown our support for various movements. It’s time we honor that legacy and demand that American politicians work for us, too.”
— Madhuri Sathish, Writer for Bustle
Inclusion and legitimizing the voices of all people of color is important.
Solidarity is key.
Educate yourself.
Don't make assumptions.
Stay woke.
Joined Facebook at age 22 and contributed to the last two major site redesigns. On her watch, the Facebook site grew from 8 million college students to 350 million people across the globe.
First Asian-American Member of the Congress from New York state and has passed several pieces of legislation in law, including striking “Oriental” from federal law.
Performed in her stand-up special, “Baby Cobra,” while seven and a half months pregnant and named her daughter after Marie Kondo, the Japanese home-organizing guru.
ABC’s “Fresh Off the Boat” is based on Eddie Huang’s bestselling memoir of the same name. The show is only the third prime time series to center on an Asian American family.
Known for writing supernatural plots and his most well-known film, “The Sixth Sense,” garnered six Academy Award nominations.
The group started making online videos in college and now has a loyal following of over 2.5 million subscribers on YouTube.
Love , Min Moon and Kelly Ou